The rise of smaller turbocharged gasoline engines

Valerie Raskovic

Sep 24, 2025

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For decades, car shoppers and enthusiasts associated power with engine size—massive V8 engines were seen as the ultimate way to achieve power and performance. But in recent years, automakers have been steadily phasing out larger engines in favor of smaller, more efficient turbocharged motors. This shift is not just about keeping up with the times; it’s a direct response to tightening federal fuel economy mandates, rising consumer demand for efficiency, and competition from electric vehicles.

The good news for all of us petrol heads is the fact that the modern 4-cylinder engine is very different than the one from even a decade ago. Most manufacturers are now adding turbocharging, allowing smaller engines to generate more power than their naturally aspirated counterparts. Turbocharging is a form of forced air induction that uses a turbine powered by the engine’s exhaust gases to force more air into the combustion chamber. By increasing the air (and fuel) that the engine can burn, a smaller engine can produce the power of a much larger one while still being more fuel-efficient when not being pushed to its limits.

While various forced induction systems have been around for decades, traditionally they have been reserved for high-performance vehicles and aftermarket applications. However, in the last decade we have seen a widespread use of turbocharging in everyday commuter vehicles. Manufacturers like Ford, BMW and Volkswagen have leaned heavily into this trend. Ford’s EcoBoost lineup, introduced in 2009, is a prime example—downsizing from V6 engines to turbocharged four-cylinders in models like the F-150 has become the norm. Meanwhile, BMW has almost entirely replaced its naturally aspirated engines with turbocharged options across its lineup. These moves are not just about saving fuel; they’re about meeting strict Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards in the U.S. and similar regulations worldwide.

The rise of turbocharged four-cylinders is also tied to the growing presence of electric vehicles. With EVs offering instant torque from standstill and impressive efficiency, gasoline engines have no choice but to innovate. Modern internal combustion engines now commonly feature new technology helping them compete in a saturated market. Technology such as fly-by-wire controls, direct injection, start-stop systems, and even mild-hybrid integration has made its way to everything from entry-level compacts to opulent luxury cars.

By pairing a smaller turbocharged engine with an electric motor in hybrid systems, manufacturers can address the weaknesses of gasoline-powered drivetrains. By adding the electric engine to work in tandem with the gasoline engine, manufacturers are able to address some of the inherent issues with the internal combustion vehicle, such as low-end torque and inferior fuel economy. Most modern gasoline-electric hybrids offer improved power performance, driving range and more miles per gallon. For example, Toyota’s hybrid technology combined with smaller displacement engines consistently delivers MPG figures once thought impossible for mainstream cars.

Looking ahead, the gasoline engine may not disappear entirely, but its role will likely continue to shrink and evolve. Expect widespread use of advanced turbocharging, higher-efficiency hybrid systems, and even synthetic fuels to keep combustion alive in some capacity. For performance enthusiasts, the days of big displacement might be over, but smaller turbocharged motors—with help from electrification—are proving that power, efficiency, and innovation can coexist in the next generation of vehicles.